I've just watched a good lecture, by Eric White, analysing the provenance of the copy of the Gutenburg Bible now in the Harry Ransom Center, at Austin, Texas. Despite concerning a printed book, the lecture combines analysis of the most of my favourite clues to a manuscript's provenance: added decoration, handwritten additions, and entries in modern printed catalogues.
For example, there is this inscription, which (as Neil Ker pointed out) indicates that it was in Carthusian ownership:
You can watch the lecture on YouTube here.